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Articles

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Volume 2, Issue1, 2026

Adaptive Robust Mechanical System Control with Nonlinear Dynamic Friction Compensation

Submitted
June 24, 2026
Published
2026-03-26

Abstract

This study presents a dynamic friction compensation technique for a class of mechanical systems in the 
presence of dynamic friction eflects, based on the adaptive robust control (ARC) scheme. Both parametric 
uncertainties, such as unknown dynamic friction parameters and inertia load, and uncertain nonlinearities, 
such as external disturbances and unmeasurable state-dependent factors, may affect the mechanical system. 
The proposed ARC scheme uses both the structural information of the dynamic friction model and the 
available prior information on a physical system, such as the bounds of parameter variations and unmeasurable 
friction state, for high performance, in contrast to existing deterministic robust control (DRC) and robust 
adaptive control (AC) schemes. Specifically, certain projection-type alterations to the dynamic friction state 
observers are constructed by completely using the physical constraint on the unmeasurable dynamic friction 
state. This preserves the nominal estimate capabilities of the dynamic friction state observers while achieving 
a regulated dynamic friction state estimation procedure even in the presence of disturbances. The resultant 
controller achieves a guaranteed transient performance, meaning that the upper limit on the tracking error's 
absolute magnitude throughout the whole time history is provided and connected in a known way to certain 
controller design parameters. Additionally, asymptotic output tracking is realized when unknown 
nonlinearities are absent. The suggested scheme's excellent performance and reflectiveness are shown by 
comparative simulation results.